Numbers
الأرقام

Lesson: Sayılar (Numbers)

0: sıfır            1: bir               2: iki               3: üç                4: dört

5: beş              6: altı              7: yedi            8: sekiz           9: dokuz

10: on             20: yirmi        30: otuz          40: kırk           50: elli

60: altmış       70: yetmiş      80: seksen       90: doksan      100: yüz

1000: bin                    1000000: milyon             1000000000: milyar

In Turkish, numbers after 10 are structured in a way that closely follows the system used in many other languages. Here’s how it works, explained step by step:

How Numbers Are Formed After 10

After 10, Turkish numbers follow a combination of tens (like “twenty,” “thirty,” etc.) and single digits (like “one,” “two,” etc.). The system is quite logical and easy to learn once you know the basic structure for 1-10.

Let’s break it down:

1. 11 – 19: For numbers 11 to 19, Turkish forms them by combining the tens (on, ten) and the unit (the single digit).

   • 11: On bir (ten one)
   • 12: On iki (ten two)
   • 13: On üç (ten three)
   • 14: On dört (ten four)
   • 15: On beş (ten five)
   • 16: On altı (ten six)
   • 17: On yedi (ten seven)
   • 18: On sekiz (ten eight)
   • 19: On dokuz (ten nine)

2. 20 – 99: For 20 and beyond, we start with the name of the tens place (like “twenty,” “thirty,” etc.) and then add the unit (like “one,” “two,” etc.).

   • 20: Yirmi (twenty)
   • 21: Yirmi bir (twenty one)
   • 22: Yirmi iki (twenty two)
   • 23: Yirmi üç (twenty three)
   • 24: Yirmi dört (twenty four)
   • 25: Yirmi beş (twenty five)

   Notice that yirmi means twenty, and you just add the number after it (yirmi + 1 = yirmi bir). It’s the same system for all numbers from 20 to 99.

3. Tens for 30, 40, 50, etc.: Similarly, you can continue with other tens:

   • 30: Otuz (thirty)
   • 40: Kırk (forty)
   • 50: Elli (fifty)
   • 60: Altmış (sixty)
   • 70: Yetmiş (seventy)
   • 80: Seksen (eighty)
   • 90: Doksan (ninety)

   For example:

   • 34: Otuz dört (thirty four)
   • 47: Kırk yedi (forty seven)
   • 52: Elli iki (fifty two)

4. 100 and Beyond:

   • 100: Yüz (one hundred)
   • 101: Yüz bir (one hundred one)
   • 200: İki yüz (two hundred)
   • 1000: Bin (one thousand)

Example:

• 15 = 10 (on) + 5 (beş) -> on beş
• 238 = 200 (iki yüz) + 30 (otuz) + 8 (sekiz) -> iki yüz otuz sekiz
• 245683 = 245000 (iki yüz kırk beş bin) + 600  + 80 + 3 -> iki yüz kırk beş bin altı yüz seksen üç

Let’s practice:

Now, let’s practice with slightly larger numbers:

• 1,996 = 1000 + 900 + 90 + 6 = ______________________________
• 1,825 = 1000 + 800 + 20 + 5 =______________________________
• 1,714 = 1000 + 700 + 10 + 4 =______________________________
• 2,022 = 2000 + 20 + 2 = ___________________________________
• 3,567 = 3000 + 500 + 60 + 7 = ______________________________
• 42,891 = 42000 + 800 + 90 + 1 = ______________________________